Jiziya

Jiziya
   A capitation tax imposed in an Islamic state on non-Muslims who possessed scriptures (ahl-i kitab). It was in lieu of military ser-vice. Originally this applied to Christians and Jews, but later Zoroas-trians in Iran and Hindus in Sind were also included. In the Delhi sultanate, the jiziya was not distinguished from the land tax and trib-ute from chiefs. In Firuz Shah Tughlaq's time (1351-1388), an at-tempt was made to collect the jiziya as a poll tax on Hindus living in urban centers, but the attempt apparently failed.

Historical dictionary of Medieval India. . 2011.

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